Abstract
This research is bi-fold: the first part aims at drawing the attention of
linguists to the fact that it is urgently necessary to create two
grammars for the Arabic language. One grammar is for foreign
learners of Arabic, and the other is for native Arabs learning Arabic.
The idea of two grammars leads to two other ideas: common
grammar, and absent grammar. The former is common to the two
groups of learners of Arabic. Absent grammar is the one Arabic
linguists never indicated in their books despite its existence in the
rules of the language and its practical evolution. Speakers of Arabic
never pay attention to this grammar, and it never crosses their minds.
In addition, it never undergoes analysis because it comes to them as
they acquire the sense of the language; consequently, this grammar is
exclusive to foreign learners of Arabic.
The researcher also discusses the idea of absent grammar through
examples and application. so he used examples that lie in the
figurative level with relation to the structural side. The figurative level
of structure is the least used linguistic level in Arabic books for
foreign learners, especially when talking specifically about
comparison between what is figuratively similar in the elements of the
Arabic language.
The examples the researcher used in the second part of the paper were
derived from the incorrigible verbal and written mistakes foreign
learners of Arabic commit, since language books do not usually help
in this regard. Consequently, the researcher contrasted the following
figuratively similar groups whose elements, at the first sight, are
judged mostly to be figuratively synonymous. However, the research
will attempt to prove that they are near equivalent and not
synonymous:
(yajibu / laa budda)1-
2-(>al-yawmu-1-qaadimu / gadan), (>al-yawmu-ttalii) — (>al-
yawmu-]-maadii / >ams) and (>al-yawmu-ssaabiq).
3-(nadara >ilaa / >iltafata >i1aa) and (ra>aa /‘saahada / >absara).
4-(hadara/jaa>a/ qadima/ >ataa), (dahaba/saafara), (wasala) and
(>ahdara / >ahada).
5-(mundu / Ii-muddati — muddata).
(jiddan / katiiran)6-